Issues and Concerns of Inner Cities

"The social problems of urban feeling in advanced industrial the States are, in monolithic measure, viewed as problems of race."1 indoors the urban environment, the problems of minorities take on a more(prenominal) acute and bitter life of their own. Since the 1950s, America has become both increasingly urbanized and suburbanized. As cities grew big and larger, and as the minority state s welled at heart the urban environment, an increasing amount of middle and uppermiddle class homeowners sold their homes and go further and further away from the privileged metropolis.

Similarly, the modern urban environment has six factors which are tortuous for the population dungeon in urban areas, as well as for governmental authorities at the local, state, and national levels. These problems intromit: unemployment, dependance, precept, income level, crowded housing, and poverty.2

1 William Julius Wilson, " nationalCity Dislocations," Social recognition and Modern Society 21 1 (NovemberDecember 1983), 80; Mel Settle, "Must We Tear Them Down? How urban Re new-sprung(prenominal)al Contributes to Homelessness," The humanist 49 (May 1989): 9.

2 See Richard P. Nathan and Charles F. Adams, Jr. "Four Perspectives on Urban Hardship," Political Science Quarterly 104 3 (Fall 1989): 484. Within this article, the authors analyze each of these factors as they relate to the inner city environment in Am

Wilson, William Julius. "InnerCity Dislocations." Social Science and Modern Society 21 1 (NovemberDecember 1983), 806.

erica's most problem urban areas. Unemployment means the percent of the labor force living within a specific area that has no job; dependency includes persons younger than 18 or older than 64; education included persons over 25 that have less than a highschool education; income level is per capita income; crowded housing (... Continued...) However, as more and more middle class families moved out of urban areas, the wealth of the inner city oftentimes evaporated with them. Thus, one of the primary goals of urban renewal is to reestablish the living environment within the inner city.

This can be obliging by renovating warehouses and other structures, turning them into office buildings, entertainment centers, or, as has become commonplace, turning them into high priced condominiums for a segment of the population in the upwardly mobile section.3

17 Frances Fox Piven and Richard A. Cloward, "The Urban Crisis as an Area for Class Mobilization," Radical America 11 1 (JanuaryFebruary 1977): 917. BIBLIOGRAPHY

methods in identify to alleviate close to of the problems associated with commuter traffic, one of the clearest agendas is to maximize traffic potential by building new and complex freeway systems in order to accommodate the needs of the suburban workers.7 The optimistic developer believes than modern urban transportation planning will help solve whatsoever of the social problems associated with new transportation system, but the reality of the 1980s, curiously in the Los Angeles area of Southern California, is that as more an more people form an influx into the population centers for their employment, the demand for new and larger highway and freeway systems is exacerbated. With that trend comes an increasing want to relocate minority housing so that construction whitethorn take place. Again, this construction pays little heed to the needs an
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